Resources
Becht, A. I., Nelemans, S. A., Branje, S. J. T., Vollebergh, W. A. M., Koot, H. M., Denissen, J. J. A., & Meeus, W. H. J. (2016). The quest for identity in adolescence: Heterogeneity in daily identity formation and psychosocial adjustment across 5 years. Developmental Psychology, 52, 2010-2021
Berzonsky, M. (2004). Identity style, parental authority, and identity commitment. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 33, 213-220.
Byrd, C., & Chavous, T. (2011). Racial identity, school racial climate, and school intrinsic motivation among African American youth: The importance of person-context congruence. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21, 849-860.
Chao, R. K., & Otsuki-Clutter, M. (2011). Racial and ethnic differences: Sociocultural and contextual explanations. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21(1), 47-60. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00714.x
Choi, Y., Tan, K. P., Yasui, M., & Hahm, H. C. (2016). Advancing understanding of Acculturation for adolescents of Asian immigrants: Person-oriented analysis of acculturation strategy among Korean American youth. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45(7), 1380-1395. doi:10.1007/s10964-016-0496-0
Clancy, S., & Dollinger, S. (1993). Identity, self, and personality, I: Identity status and the five-factor model of personality. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 3, 227-246
Daha, M. (2011). Contextual factors contributing to ethnic identity development of second-generation Iranian American adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 26, 543-569.
Davis, K. (2013). Young people’s digital lives: The impact of interpersonal relationships and digital media use on adolescents’ sense of identity. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(6), 2281-2293. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2013.05.022
French, S. E., Seidman, E., Allen, L., & Aber, J. L. (2006). The development of ethnic identity during adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 42, 1-10.
Gartner, M., Kiang, L., & Supple, A. (2014). Prospective links between ethnic socialization, ethnic and American identity, and well-being among Asian-American adolescents. Journal of Youth & Adolescence, 43, 1715-1727.
Gaylord-Harden, N., Ragsdale, B. L., Mandara, J., Richards, M.H., & Petersen, A. C., (2007). Perceived support and internalizing symptoms in African American adolescents: Self-esteem and ethnic identity as mediators. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36, 77-88
Gray-Little, B., & Hafdahl, A. R. (2000). Factors influencing racial comparisons of self-esteem: A quantitative review. Psychological Bulletin, 126(1), 26-54. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.1.26
Hardie, J. H., & Tyson, K. (2013). Other people’s racism: Race, rednecks, and riots in a southern high school. Sociology of Education, 86, 83-102
Hughes, D. L., Del Toro, J., & Way, N. (2017). Interrelations among dimensions of ethnic-racial identity during adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 53(11), 2139-2153. doi:10.1037/dev0000401
Hughes, D., Del Toro, J., Harding, J. F., Way, N., & Rarick, J. R. D. (2016). Trajectories of discrimination across adolescence: Associations with academic, psychological, and behavioral outcomes. Child Development, 87, 1337-1351.
Hughes, D., Rodriguez, J., Smith, E. P., Johnson, D. J., Stevenson, H. C., & Spicer, P. (2006). Parents’ ethnic-racial socialization practices: A review of research and directions for future study. Developmental Psychology, 42(5), 747-770. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.747
Hughes, D., Way, N., & Rivas-Drake, D. (2011). Stability and change in private and public ethnic regard among African American, Puerto Rican, Dominican, and Chinese American early adolescents. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21, 861-870.
Keisner, J., Poulin, F., & Nicotra, E. (2003). Peer relations across contexts: Individual-network homophile and network inclusion in and after school. Child Development, 74, 1328-1343.
Markstrom, C. (2011). Identity formation of American Indian adolescents: Local, national, and global considerations. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21, 519-535.
Meeus, W. (2011). The study of adolescent identity Formation 2000-2010: A review of longitudinal research. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21(1), 75-94. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00716.x
Meeus, W., Van de Schoot, R., Keijsers, L., & Branje, S. (2011). Identity statuses as developmental trajectories: A five-wave longitudinal study in early-to-middle and middle-to-late adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41(8), 1008-1021. doi:10.1007/s10964-011-9730-y
Moua, M. Y., & Lamborn, S. D. (2010). Hmong American adolescents’ perceptions of ethnic socialization practices. Journal of Adolescent Research, 25(3), 416-440. doi:10.1177/0743558410361369
Pahl, K., & Way, N. (2006). Longitudinal trajectories of ethnic identity among urban Black and Latino adolescents. Child Development, 77, 1403-1415.
Reitz, A. K., Motti-Stefanidi, F., & Asendorpf, J. B. (2014). Mastering developmental transitions in immigrant adolescents: The longitudinal interplay of family functioning, developmental and acculturative tasks. Developmental Psychology, 50(3), 754-765. doi:10.1037/a0033889
Rivas-Drake, D., Hughes, D., & Way, N. (2009). A preliminary analysis of associations among ethnic racial socialization, ethnic discrimination, and ethnic identity among urban sixth graders. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 19, 558-584.
Rogers, L. O., Scott, M. A., & Way, N. (2015). Racial and gender identity among black adolescent males: An intersectionality perspective. Child Development, 86, 407-424
Seaton, E., Scottham, K., & Sellers, R. (2006). The status model of racial identity development in African American adolescents: Evidence of structure, trajectories, and well-being. Child Development, 77, 1416-1426.
Seaton, E. K., Upton, R., Gilbert, A., & Volpe, V. (2014) A moderated model: Racial discrimination, coping strategies, and racial identity among Black adolescents. Child Development, 85, 882-890.
Seaton, E., Yip, T., & Sellers, R., (2009). A longitudinal examination of racial identity and racial discrimination among African American adolescents. Child Development, 80, 406-417.
Sellers, R. M., Copeland-Linder, N., Martin, P. P., & Lewis, R. L. (2006). Racial identity matters: The relationship between racial discrimination and psychological functioning in African American adolescents. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 16(2), 187-216. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2006.00128.x
Steinberg, L. D. (2020). Adolescence (12th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
Stevenson, H. C., Reed, J., Bodison, P., & Bishop, A. (1997). Racism stress management: Racial social beliefs and the experience of depression and anger in African American youth. Youth & Society, 29(2), 197-222. doi:10.1177/0044118×97029002003
Syed, M., & Azmitia, M. (2008). A narrative approach to ethnic identity in emerging adulthood: Bringing life to the identity status model. Developmental Psychology, 44(4), 1012-1027. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.4.1012
Syed, M., & McLean, K. (2016). Understanding identity integration: Theoretical, methodological, and applied issues. Journal of Adolescence, 47, 109-118.
Tynes, B. M. (2007). Role taking in online “classrooms”: What adolescents are learning about race and ethnicity. Developmental Psychology, 43(6), 1312-1320. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.6.1312
Umaña-Taylor, A. J., Quintana, S. M., Lee, R. M., Cross, W. E., Rivas-Drake, D., Schwartz, S. J., . . . Seaton, E. (2014). Ethnic and racial identity during adolescence and into young adulthood: An integrated conceptualization. Child Development, 85(1), 21-39. doi:10.1111/cdev.12196
Unger, J. B. (2014). Cultural influences on substance use among Hispanic adolescents and young adults: Findings from Project RED. Child Development Perspectives, 8(1), 48-53. doi:10.1111/cdep.12060
Varner, F., & Mandara, J. (2012). Discrimination concerns and expectations as explanations for gendered socialization in African American families. Child Development, 84(3), 875-890. doi:10.1111/cdev.12021
Yip, T. (2014). Ethnic identity in everyday Life: The influence of identity development status. Child Development, 85, 205-219. doi:10.1111/cdev.12107
Yip, T., Seaton, E., & Sellers, R. (2010). Interracial and intraracial contact, school-level diversity, and change in racial identity status among African American adolescents. Child Development, 81, 1431-1444.